Deep varicose veins are a very unpleasant and quite dangerous lesion of the venous vessels of the circulatory system.
The deep venous varicose veins of the lower extremities is a pathology that spreads to the vessels that pass through the muscular structures of the legs. The lengthening and expansion of the venous vessels significantly alters blood flow and becomes the cause of the onset and progression of thrombosis.
The danger of this disease lies in the appearance of a high probability of detachment of a thrombus formed in the wall of the vessel and its transport to the pulmonary artery.
When this disease occurs, an irreversible process of lengthening and expansion of the venous vessels occurs. With the progression of the process, a thinning of the venous wall is observed and the formation of ganglia occurs that prevent the free transport of blood through the vessels.
Most people 30 to 40 years of age or older are susceptible to this disease.
The causes of the appearance and development of the disease can be a variety of adverse factors. Varicose veins are the result of a severe disturbance of blood circulation in a specific area of the lower extremities.
With the development of the disease in the patient, trophic ulcers may appear at the site of the disturbance of circulatory processes, which can lead to the appearance of gangrene, a condition that requires the amputation of the affected part of the limb.
In addition, VRV can cause the muscles of the lower extremities to deform, and the formation of a blood clot with its possible subsequent separation and transport to the pulmonary artery can lead to death.
The main factors that contribute to the appearance of the disorder and its progression are the following:
In addition, the causes of the disease can be:
In addition, cellulite can become the cause of the development of pathology.
Early disease identification allows a visit to a qualified flebolg at the first suspicion of disease onset.
Very often, in the initial stage of progression, the disease is manifested by the appearance of a feeling of slight fatigue in the legs after a prolonged static load or after a long walk. Also, during this period, a small swelling of the limb tissues appears.
The most common symptoms of the disorder appear at the end of the day and gradually disappear with a long rest. When these signs appear, it is necessary to consult a phlebologist and conduct special studies to identify and clarify the presence of pathology.
The use of instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods allows us to identify the degree of development of the disease and make a decision on the use of a timely and adequate treatment of the disease. With the progression of the disease, it passes to more advanced stages, characterized by the appearance of a whole spectrum of symptoms and signs characteristic of a progressive disease.
For advanced stages of pathology, the following symptoms are characteristic:
A further progression of the disease leads to the appearance of small wounds that cannot heal for a long time and, subsequently, develop into trophic ulcers.
In the absence of adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease for the patient can be fatal. The progression of varicose veins leads to a gradual deformation of muscle structures and the appearance of negative changes in the skin and bone mass.
With prolonged progression, the patient develops signs of eczema and forms trophic ulcers that can develop into gangrene. Which leads to sepsis or death.
The process of thrombus formation develops in venous vessels affected by varicose veins. As a result of this process, the formed thrombus can rupture and be transported through the circulatory system.
When a blood clot enters the pulmonary artery, it becomes blocked and the person dies.
An experienced phlebologist can determine the presence of varicose veins of the lower extremities by characteristic symptoms that are clearly visible even on the photo of the legs, but the methods of treating the disease are selected individually after detailed examinationof the patient and taking into account all the individual characteristics of his body.
Instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods are used to identify the presence and stage of development of the disease. Laboratory methods include a general analysis of blood and urine.
The most common method of instrumental diagnosis is the use of an ultrasound examination of the venous vessels of the legs. This technique allows you to visualize the vascular system and identify the degree of progress of the pathological process.
In addition, if necessary, the attending physician prescribes the following:
The use of venous occlusive plethysmography reveals the volume of blood in the veins of the lower extremities.
Only after a thorough examination and obtaining the results is the patient assigned an appropriate course of treatment.
Modern medicine offers several options for treating disease: drugs, non-drugs, and surgical.
In parallel, after consulting with the attending physician, you can use alternative and non-traditional treatment methods at home.
Surgery is the most reliable way to treat the disease. The use of drug therapy in the form of tablets, special ointments and gels for external use can play a complementary role and is, in fact, a supportive therapy.
The use of drug therapy involves the use of various types of drugs during treatment: anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, venotonic and fibrinolytic action
Anticoagulants thin the blood and prevent blood clots from forming. Anti-inflammatory drugs contribute to the relief of inflammatory processes in the walls of the venous vessels. Venotonics allow you to increase the tone of the vein walls, and fibrinolytics help dissolve small clots and help clean the venous bed.
Thanks to the use of medications, most of the time a manifestation of the disease such as edema disappears, in addition to this, an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin is observed. The main condition for the use of drugs is strict compliance with the doctor's recommendations and adherence to the doses of the drugs taken.
For a complete cure of varicose veins, surgery is recommended.
In addition, surgical methods are used in the absence of positive dynamics during drug therapy.
The most common methods of surgical treatment of pathology are:
Sclerotherapy involves the use of special substances during the procedure: sclerosing agents, which are injected into the lumen of the affected vein and lead to adhesion of the vessel walls. This procedure allows you to remove the venous vessel from the circulatory system, which prevents the development of pathology. This technique is used very rarely in the case of a serious form of rape.
Phlebectomy consists of removing the affected area from the venous vessel. Most often, this method is used to identify superficial vein lesions, but in some cases it is applicable in the treatment of deep venous vessels of the extremities.
Laser coagulation is a type of minimally invasive surgical intervention and is performed using a laser, it allows to eliminate the affected area of the vein from the circulatory system by gluing its walls under the action of laser radiation. This method of treatment has received the most positive reviews from patients, due to the fact that it is practically painless and does not require a long recovery period.
The use of surgical methods of treatment allows you to completely get rid of the characteristic symptoms of varicose veins. And the choice of the operating technique depends on the degree of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is carried out by the attending physician.